The evaluation index system is not only a measure of maintenance support effectiveness, but also a concrete representation of maintenance support effectiveness. The paper analyses the influencing factors of maintenance and support effectiveness of space equipment, classifies and describes its representation forms, gives the principles and steps of its index system, summarizes, deletes, determines the evaluation tasks, maintenance and support objects and related efficiency indexes of maintenance and support system, establishes the expression form of index parameters, and constructs a index system of maintenance and support effectiveness of space equipment. This research can provide quantitative data expression support for simulation description of space equipment maintenance support business.