Aiming at the problems of low production efficiency and unstable quality in aircraft cannon projectile assembly process, study on aircraft cannon projectile assembly technology based on the key technologies, such as high speed automatic insertion technique and finite element analysis. First of all, the composition of the aircraft cannon projectile assembly system is introduced; then high speed automatic insertion technique is adopted to design the structure; furthermore, the elastic plastic deformation of bullet and cartridge assembly stress is analyzed based on finite element analysis; finally, the system cycle time of the system is optimized. The results indicated that the system can improve the assembly quality and production efficiency of aircraft cannon projectile, which implements the safe, high-quality, high-efficiency automated production of aircraft cannon projectile.