For speeding up the image processing of failure satellite on orbit operation experiment platform, a visual navigation processing method which is based on motion aided is proposed. Firstly, on the basis of the orbit operation experiment platform, the relative motion model between the visual navigation system and the failure satellite simulator is established. Secondly, use extended Kalman filter to estimate the relative position and the target angular velocity. Lastly, according to the transformation relationship between the motion model and the coordinate system, predict the pixel coordinates of the characteristic of the failure satellite simulation device in the vision system. Then perform the local image processing in the feature proximity area. And it can speed up the image processing. The experiments result shows that the proposed method can improve the image processing speed by 3 times. And the effectiveness of the visual navigation processing method has been verified by the experiment.