In order to optimize the consumption of ammunition for multiple missile combined attack, a minimum ammunition consumption optimization model based on firefly algorithm is proposed. On the basis of the firefly algorithm, the adaptive step length and adaptive search radius are introduced, and the optimization model of minimum ammunition consumption is constructed by combining the theory of system contribution, queuing theory and intelligent algorithm, and the mathematical model is solved by using the excellent performance of the global optimization of the firefly algorithm. The simulation results show that the algorithm has good effectiveness and timeliness, and it can provide reference for the formulation and training of the multi type anti-ship missile combined attack.