In order to ensure the precise supply of weapon equipment in transportation route choosing, the general equipment supply mode based on ant colony algorithm is improved. Aiming at the limitation of traditional ant colony algorithm in choosing initial targets and updating information data, the algorithm is improved from 3 aspects. Based on the principle and mechanism of ant colony algorithm, the mathematical model of distribution path is established, and the algorithm is improved to optimize the equipment supply from the supply center to each warehouse, and then simulation analysis is performed. The results show that the modified path can deliver the equipment to each warehouse in a timely and efficient manner.