Aiming at the problem that traditional swarm control algorithms need to overcome the attraction between agents to change the topology or the macro-shape of swarm, design a multi-agent obstacle avoidance algorithm for the topology change structure. Based on containment control protocol and exclusion potential function, the stability of the algorithm is proved by theoretical analysis and carry out multi-agent obstacle avoidance algorithm under Matlab environment. Results show that the plasticity of group formation when agents pass through a narrow channel composed of obstacles.