Aiming at the problem that interpolation algorithm affects the distribution of radiation field, the principle and application of interpolation algorithm in radiation field reconstruction are summarized. The application status of grid data interpolation, finite element method, inverse distance weighting method, Kriging method, radial basis function method and neural network approximation method in radiation field reconstruction is introduced, the similarities and differences and characteristics of different interpolation methods in radiation field reconstruction are analyzed, and the further prospect of interpolation algorithm in radiation field construction is put forward. The results show that the interpolation algorithm can solve the problem of radiation field distribution with unknown source term information and environment information, and has the advantages of low cost and fast calculation speed.