A safety automatic control system is designed for the small caliber ammunition primer assembly process which is prone to combustion or explosion. The field bus control system is adopted, which has reliable real-time transmission characteristics and ensures the real-time monitoring of the production process. Through the intrinsic safety design, it provides an effective guarantee for the safe production of primer. The results show that the design ensures the safety of initiating explosive device primer automatic assembly, optimizes the system configuration, and realizes the complete safety control.