In order to obtain the propagation law of explosion shock wave in different pressure environments and realize the rapid prediction of the performance of explosion shock wave in different pressure environments, the nonlinear dynamics software AUTODYN was used to carry out numerical simulation, and the data were analyzed and fitted, and the accuracy of the fitting formula was verified by the propagation test of shock wave in low pressure environment. The results show that at the same contrast distance, the peak overpressure of shock wave decreases significantly with the decrease of atmospheric pressure, and the low pressure environment is not conducive to the normal propagation of shock wave. Based on the numerical simulation results, the calculation model considering the effects of atmospheric pressure and temperature is fitted. Compared with the test results, the calculation error of the fitting formula is less than 15. 0 %, and the average error is less than ± 7.8%.