高密度运行场景下的无人机四维轨迹规划方法
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1.中国民用航空飞行学院;2.北京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院;3.应急管理部大数据中心;4.民用航空飞行学院空中交通管理学院

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国家重点研发计划(SQ2023YFC3000228);国家自然科学基金民航联合基金(U1733105);四川省中央引导地方科技发展专项(2020ZYD094);四川省科技计划(2021YFS0391);创新训练项目(S202310624272)


A Four-dimensional Trajectory Planning Approach for UAVs in High-density Operating Scenarios
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Civil Aviation Flight University of China

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    摘要:

    针对传统基于空间维度的轨迹规划方法因其规划密度较低,不再适用于现代复杂战场环境的问题,提出现代城市场景下的高密度无人机运行场景4维轨迹规划方法。引入时间维度,将3维作战空域扩展为4维动态空域。以规划成本最小化为目标,对A*算法的成本估计函数在时间维度上进行重构,提出面向城市作战的动态路径规划算法4D-A*。仿真实验结果表明:4D-A*不但能够在高密度运行场景中有效提升多无人机协同作战能力,避免缺失时间维度带来的固有“绕路”问题,降低时间成本消耗,同时与基础方法相比也具有更高的可靠性和鲁棒性,在复杂真实场景中能够避免空间与时间属性的解耦,有效避免多机冲突以及减少飞行时长,能够满足无人机城市作战任务需求。

    Abstract:

    In response to the issue that traditional trajectory planning methods based on spatial dimensions are no longer suitable for modern, complex battlefield environments due to their relatively low planning density, this paper proposes a 4-dimensional (4D) trajectory planning method for high-density unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) operation scenarios in modern urban environments. By introducing the time dimension, the 3D combat scenario is extended to a 4D dynamic airspace. With the objective of minimizing planning costs, the cost estimation function of the A* algorithm is restructured in the time dimension, resulting in the development of the 4D-A* dynamic path planning algorithm for urban warfare. Simulation results show that 4D-A* not only effectively enhances the collaborative combat capability of multiple UAVs in high-density operational environments but also avoids the inherent "detour" issues caused by the absence of the time dimension. It reduces time-related costs, while also demonstrating higher reliability and robustness compared to the basic method. In complex real-world scenarios, it can prevent the decoupling of spatial and temporal attributes, effectively avoid multi-vehicle conflicts, and reduce flight duration, thus meeting the mission requirements of UAVs in urban combat.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-09-12
  • 最后修改日期:2025-01-04
  • 录用日期:2024-11-15
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