In order to explore the response characteristics of 2024-T351 aluminum alloy under low-velocity impact, the simulation model of 2 mm thickness 2024-T351 aluminum alloy target impacted by a radius of 0.6 mm projectile with an initial velocity of 60 m/s was established by using ABAQUS finite element software, and its effectiveness was verified by the existing literature. In order to facilitate the follow-up research, the models of targets impacted positively by projectiles with different initial velocities (40 m/s~120 m/s) and impacted obliquely by projectiles with different incidence angles (10°, 20° and 30°) were established, and the analysis was carried out from two perspectives: the depth of the target crater and the velocity of the projectile. The results show that the impact process time is short (about 1.2 μs), and the crater depth increases first and then decreases with the impact process. The crater depth of the target increases with the increase of impact velocity, and decreases with the increase of incidence angle.