Aiming at the problem of allocating spare parts to communication equipment in wartime, research on optimal method of spare parts carried by communication equipment. It analyzes the basic function item (BFI) of equipment and confirms the categories of integrant spare parts and establishes an optimal model on two factors that restrict each other, they are operational readiness and expenses. Finally, the solution of genetic algorithm (GA) is given. The method can make the numbers of spare parts reach to the least, and make the maintenance more accurate and scientific.